The legionary’s helmet was decorated with a plume with short feathers ( iuba or crista), usually during parades or at times when it was necessary to impress the enemy. Legionnaires wore shawls or scarves around their necks to prevent the armor from rubbing against the naked body. A neck protector was attached to the helmet. On the sides there were movable cheek visors ( buccula), which were connected with each other with a thong, tied under the chin. The top of the helmet was strengthened by knobs, rings or a button made of metal that served decorative purposes. It was made of leather covered with a metal sheet. This also applied to helmets, which underwent numerous changes and modifications resulting from the use of materials and production techniques as well as functions (helmets of legionaries, helmets of auxiliary units, cavalry helmets).Ī Roman helmet ( cassis) protected the head of a Roman infantryman, tied under the chin with a leather strap. This was due to the professionalization of the army (more or less from the time of Marius’s reform), in which efforts were made to unify the offensive and defensive armaments of the legionaries. Then they started mass-producing their own helmets ( cassis). Initially, the Romans used Gallic helmets, hence the name Galea (full name cassis-galea). Rome’s contacts with Africa and Far East.
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